Gemstone Mineral Groups
Classified List Of Minerals
| Group | Series Or Subgroup | Species/Chemical Formula |
| Silica group | quartz – Si02
cristobalite – SiO2 tridymite – SiO2 coesite – SiO2 stishovite – SiO2 |
|
| Feldspar group | potassium feldspar | orthoclase – KAlSi3 O8
sanidine – (K,NA)AlSi3O8 microcline – KAlSiO8
|
| Plagioclase feldspar series | albite – NaAlSiO8
anorthite – CaAl2SiO8 |
|
| Feldspathoid group | analcime – NaAlSiO6.H2O
leucite – KAlSiO6 nepheline – (Na,k)AlSiO4 |
|
| Scapolite group | Scapolite series | marialite – Na4(AlSi3O8)3Cl
meionite – Ca4(Al2SiO8)3(CO3,SO4) |
| Zeolite group | natrolite – Na2AlSi3O10.2H2O
chabazite – CaAl2Si4O12.6H2O heulandite – CaAl2Si7O18.6H2O stilbite – CaAl2Si7O18.7H2O sodalite – Na8(Al6Si6O24)Cl2 |
|
| Other | beryl –
cordierite – |
|
| Serpentine group | Serpentine minerals | antigorite –
chrysotile – lizardite – |
| Clay mineral group | Smectite subgroup | montmorillonite – |
| Illite subgroup | illite – | |
| Other clays | kaolinite –
pyrophyllite – talc – |
|
| Mica group | Biotite series | phlogopite –
annite – |
| Other micas | muscovite –
margarite – paragonite – lepidolite – |
|
| Chlorite group other sheet silicates | chlorite –
prehnite – sepiolite – apophyllite – |
|
| Pyroxene group | Orthopyroxene (hypersthene series) | enstatite –
ferrosilite – |
| Clinopyroxene(diopsidehedenbergite series) | diopside –
hedenbergite – |
|
| Other clinopyroxenes | pigeonite –
augite – jadeite – spodumene – |
|
| Amphibole group | Cummingtonite series | cummingtonite –
grunerite – |
| Tremolite series | tremolite –
actinolite – |
|
| Other | anthophyllite –
glaucophane – hornblende – kaersutite – |
|
| Pyroxenoid group | wollastonite –
rhodonite – pectolite – |
|
| Melilite group | ghelenite –
akermanite – |
|
| Other | tourmaline – | |
| Garnet group | Pyralspite series | pyrope –
almandine – spessartine – |
| Ugrandite series | uvarovite –
grossular – andradite – |
|
| Olivine group | Olivine series | forsterite –
fayalite – |
| Other | monticellite – | |
| Humite group | norbergite –
chondrodite – humite- clinohumite – |
|
| Aluminosilicate group | kyanite –
andalusite – sillimanite – |
|
| Other isolated tetrahedral silicates | staurolite –
chloritoid – titanite(sphene) – topaz – zircon – |
|
| Lawsonite group | lawsonite – | |
| Epidote group | epidote –
clinozoisite – |
|
| Other paired tetrahedral silicates | vesuvianite – | |
| Native metal group | gold –
silver – platinum – copper – |
|
| Native semimetal group | arsenic –
antimony – bismuth – |
|
| Native nonmetal group | diamond –
graphite – sulfur – |
|
| Tetrahedral sulfide group | chalcopyrite –
bornite – enargite – wurtzite – sphalerite – |
|
| Octahedral sulfide group | galena –
pyrrhotite – niccolite – |
|
| mixed sulfide group | pentlandite – | |
| Other sulfides,Arsenides, and sulfosalts | Sulfides | molybdenite –
millerite – cinnabar – covellite – chalcocite – argentite – pyrite – cobalite – marcasite – |
| Arsenides and sulfosalts | arsenopyrite –
sutterudite – stibnite – boulangerite – tetrahedrite – proustite – pyrargyrite – orpiment – realgar – |
|
| Halide | halite –
sylvite – chlorargerite – atacamite – carnallite – fluorite – cryolite – |
|
| Tetrahedral oxide group | zincite – | |
| Octahedral oxide group | TiO2 minerals | anatase –
rutile – brookite – |
| Other octahedral oxides | periclase –
hematite – corundum – ilmenite – cassiterite – pyrolusite – columbite – tantalite – |
|
| Spinel group | “Inverse” spinels | spinel –
magnetite – |
| “Normal “spinels | chromite –
franklinite – |
|
| Cubic oxides | uraninite – | |
| Other oxides | chrysoberyl –
perovskite – cuprite – |
|
| Hydroxide group | gibbsite –
brucite – manganite – goethite – diaspore – lepidocrocite – romanechite – |
|
| Calcite group | calcite –
magnesite – siderite – rhodochrosite – smithsonite – |
|
| Dolomite group | dolomite –
ankerite – |
|
| Aragonite group | aragonite –
witherite – strontianite – cerussite – |
|
| Other carbonates | malachite –
azurite – trona – |
|
| Nitrate group | nitratite –
niter – |
|
| Anyhdrous borate group | boracite –
sinhalite – |
|
| Hydrous borate group | borax –
kernite – ulexite – colemanite – |
|
| Anhydrous sulfate group | anhydrite –
barite – celestite – anglesite – |
|
| Hydrous sulfate group | gypsum –
chalcanthite – epsomite – antlerite – alunite – |
|
| Tungstate group | Wolframite series | huebnerite –
ferberite – |
| Other tungstates | scheelite – | |
| Molybdate group | wulfenite –
powellite – |
|
| Chromate group | crocoite | |
| Phosphate group | monazite –
triphylite – apatite – pyromorphite – amblygonite – lazulite – wavellite – vivianite – variscite – turquoise – autunite – |
|
| Vanadate group | vanadinite –
carnotite – |
|
| Arsenate group | erythrite –
scorodite – |