Gemstone Mineral Groups

Classified List Of Minerals

Group Series Or Subgroup Species/Chemical Formula
Silica group quartz – Si02

cristobalite – SiO2

tridymite – SiO2

coesite – SiO2

stishovite – SiO2
Feldspar group potassium feldspar orthoclase – KAlSi3 O8

sanidine – (K,NA)AlSi3O8

microcline – KAlSiO8

 
Plagioclase feldspar series albite – NaAlSiO8

anorthite – CaAl2SiO8
Feldspathoid group analcime – NaAlSiO6.H2O

leucite – KAlSiO6

nepheline – (Na,k)AlSiO4
Scapolite group Scapolite series marialite – Na4(AlSi3O8)3Cl

meionite – Ca4(Al2SiO8)3(CO3,SO4)
Zeolite group natrolite – Na2AlSi3O10.2H2O

chabazite – CaAl2Si4O12.6H2O

heulandite – CaAl2Si7O18.6H2O

stilbite – CaAl2Si7O18.7H2O

sodalite – Na8(Al6Si6O24)Cl2
Other beryl –

cordierite –
Serpentine group Serpentine minerals antigorite –

chrysotile –

lizardite –
Clay mineral group Smectite subgroup montmorillonite –
Illite subgroup illite –
Other clays kaolinite –

pyrophyllite –

talc –
Mica group Biotite series phlogopite –

annite –
Other micas muscovite –

margarite –

paragonite –

lepidolite –
Chlorite group other sheet silicates chlorite –

prehnite –

sepiolite –

apophyllite –
Pyroxene group Orthopyroxene (hypersthene series) enstatite –

ferrosilite –
Clinopyroxene(diopsidehedenbergite series) diopside –

hedenbergite –
Other clinopyroxenes pigeonite –

augite –

jadeite –

spodumene –
Amphibole group Cummingtonite series cummingtonite –

grunerite –
Tremolite series tremolite –

actinolite –
Other anthophyllite –

glaucophane –

hornblende –

kaersutite –
Pyroxenoid group wollastonite –

rhodonite –

pectolite –
Melilite group ghelenite –

akermanite –
Other tourmaline –
Garnet group Pyralspite series pyrope –

almandine –

spessartine –
Ugrandite series uvarovite –

grossular –

andradite –
Olivine group Olivine series forsterite –

fayalite –
Other monticellite –
Humite group norbergite –

chondrodite –

humite-

clinohumite –
Aluminosilicate group kyanite –

andalusite –

sillimanite –
Other isolated tetrahedral silicates staurolite –

chloritoid –

titanite(sphene) –

topaz –

zircon –
Lawsonite group lawsonite –
Epidote group epidote –

clinozoisite –
Other paired tetrahedral silicates vesuvianite –
Native metal group gold –

silver –

platinum –

copper –
Native semimetal group arsenic –

antimony –

bismuth –
Native nonmetal group diamond –

graphite –

sulfur –
Tetrahedral sulfide group chalcopyrite –

bornite –

enargite –

wurtzite –

sphalerite –
Octahedral sulfide group galena –

pyrrhotite –

niccolite –
mixed sulfide group pentlandite –
Other sulfides,Arsenides, and sulfosalts Sulfides molybdenite –

millerite –

cinnabar –

covellite –

chalcocite –

argentite –

pyrite –

cobalite –

marcasite –
Arsenides and sulfosalts arsenopyrite –

sutterudite –

stibnite –

boulangerite –

tetrahedrite –

proustite –

pyrargyrite –

orpiment –

realgar –
Halide halite –

sylvite –

chlorargerite –

atacamite –

carnallite –

fluorite –

cryolite –
Tetrahedral oxide group zincite –
Octahedral oxide group TiO2 minerals anatase –

rutile –

brookite –
Other octahedral oxides periclase –

hematite –

corundum –

ilmenite –

cassiterite –

pyrolusite –

columbite –

tantalite –
Spinel group “Inverse” spinels spinel –

magnetite –
“Normal “spinels chromite –

franklinite –
Cubic oxides uraninite –
Other oxides chrysoberyl –

perovskite –

cuprite –
Hydroxide group gibbsite –

brucite –

manganite –

goethite –

diaspore –

lepidocrocite –

romanechite –
Calcite group calcite –

magnesite –

siderite –

rhodochrosite –

smithsonite –
Dolomite group dolomite –

ankerite –
Aragonite group aragonite –

witherite –

strontianite –

cerussite –
Other carbonates malachite –

azurite –

trona –
Nitrate group nitratite –

niter –
Anyhdrous borate group boracite –

sinhalite –
Hydrous borate group borax –

kernite –

ulexite –

colemanite –
Anhydrous sulfate group anhydrite –

barite –

celestite –

anglesite –
Hydrous sulfate group gypsum –

chalcanthite –

epsomite –

antlerite –

alunite –
Tungstate group Wolframite series huebnerite –

ferberite –
Other tungstates scheelite –
Molybdate group wulfenite –

powellite –
Chromate group crocoite
Phosphate group monazite –

triphylite –

apatite –

pyromorphite –

amblygonite –

lazulite –

wavellite –

vivianite –

variscite –

turquoise –

autunite –
Vanadate group vanadinite –

carnotite –
Arsenate group erythrite –

scorodite –